Criticism Leading to Conversation
When I was living in Brownwood, a town of roughly 20,000 people, I was constantly faced with the fact that I shared close to no common interests with any of the people who lived there. It was quite challenging. I spent I huge portion of my spare time reading esoteric theology books, analyzing my own beliefs. And then, I would encounter locals who I can safely assume would never think of, nor want to ask any of the questions I found myself wrestling with. Small towns in central Texas don't tend to care much about christology or interreligious dialogue. At the time this distressed me. I found these ideas to be quite important, and simultaneously couldn't really blame Brownwoodites for not caring.
I revisited this experience last week talking with one of my friends who frequently preaches in small towns. He was telling me how irrelevant textual criticism (etc.) seemed to be in small town settings, and I agree . . . and yet totally disagree. Basically, it's true, the Jesus Seminar and various interreligious studies have no relevance to them. The same could be posited for poor people in Oak Cliff and possibly even for the filthy rich of Southlake and Highland Park. If all these historical analyses just complicate their faith and potentially tear it down, then what good does it do them?
At heart, I still basically think missiologically about everything. I mean this in the most anti-colonial sense possible. I think 'good news' is not simply proclaimed, but necessarily conversed about. And in this sense, I think the biggest need we have is to get people talking. I also believe that Christianity in it's unbastardized form, is completely and unequivocally egalitarian. It is a religion that fully rejected heirarchies. So, because of this, I believe that any conversations worth having should be held between equals. This is no small qualification. It is unquestioned in our society that those who teach/proclaim are in a higher position than those who learn/receive. Thus those who give 'good news', give from a privileged and dominant position. A position I believe automatically negates the very message they are preaching.
I believe that Dallas, like any metropolis, is a confounding mixture of cultures and worldviews which awkwardly rest together; pragmatically tolerating each other without ever really reaching understanding. Without understanding, conversation is impossible. Without conversation, the gospel is useless.
This is where I find all the esoteric concepts of theology and biblical criticism invaluable not for the other, but for myself.
John Searle, I philosopher that I like, frequently points out that the human capacity for self-deception is boundless. The 'will to believe' effectively blinds us to the dissonance of our beliefs and makes fundamentalists of us all. This is true of everyone: theists, agnostics, or atheists. Christians, Muslims, scientists, or Hindus. We are all guilty of the 'will to belief' and the purposed ignorance of all that detracts from what we would believe. I think this reveals both the necessity of conversation and the impossiblity of it. If we hope to ever achieve something more than a fractured society of uncomprehending tolerance, we have to seek to truly understand the other. Yet, the crutch of 'willing belief' demands that we avoid conversation, or if we dare to enter into it, do so only in a superior position.
The truth is that if we are incapable of self-critique, then we are also incapable of conversation. To an extent, perfect self-awareness is impossible. Yet, as much as we are capable, we must seek to be aware of our own origins, of our faith's place amongst others, of its similarities with others and its uniqueness. This is necessary because it is the only way to join in conversation with others as equals, avoiding an imperialism of faith and culture. This seems to me the only way that a world of people who will not adopt our faith, can nonetheless hear what is good in our good news.
I think that in this sense, Christians have to lead by example. The truth is that all belief systems, including systems of unbelief, have black marks that they would much prefer to ignore. They assert their superiority over other faiths by willfully ignoring their own history, their own inconsistencies, their own unspeakable questions. No one is exempt from this. Yet, too many would act as though they are. Our very message demands that we should be more than another domineering system, competing and seeking advantage over other faiths and cultures. I believe that this begins with us; with our willingness to critique ourselves, and listen to those voices who for hundreds of years have critiqued what we would otherwise 'will ourselves to believe'.
If we can't manage this, then how do we imagine that others will? And if such an endeavor fails, then are we not doomed to continue talking at and past the other? My hope is that self-awareness can foster a strength that does not fall into the trap of colonial proselytizing and religious arrogance, but rather is a strength that allows for genuine conversation and mutual understanding.
12 Comments:
Based on your Wittgensteinian language concepts, how does this even begin to happen in ANY meaningful way? Aren't you always speaking outside of your own language in this case?
Well, if we're going to delve into the philosophy behind this post, allow me to say that with this post I was thinking less of Wittgenstein's language games and more of Foucault's power dynamics. Foucault would argue that there is no relationship free of vying for dominance. This may be an inescapable truth. But if it is, then I cannot fathom a more depressing and nihilistic world than the one such a truth reveals. Thus, my plea for egalitarian conversation. If this is true, then I see the best world as one where power remains as decentralized as possible.
As for Wittgenstein . . . I must first admit I am much more acquainted with early W. than late. Insofar as I understand his concept of language games, I don't perceive that he argues that the rules of any game are rigid. If he does argue such, then I disagree. I think it is true all language has certain rules which guide its capacity to carry meaning. Yet, I believe that rules evolve. Thus Americans play football not rugby, and baseball in place of cricket.
I think this evolution has sped up exponentially due to globalization. Much to the dismay of anthropologists worldwide, this is leading to homogenization and a loss of locality of language games. The hegemony of global communications is effectively destroying viability of "tribal" language games, whether they be those of New Guinea, or South Texas towns. This includes religious language games, perhaps more so than others.
Though I'm not a fan of such imperialism, I do take it for a given and assume it is irreversible. Thus, I am not concerned with preserving the sanctity of local dialects (religious or otherwise). Rather, I think the most important question is how to prevent Foucaultian power dynamics from becoming unilateral among a single faith and culture.
I don't want to imply an abandonment of one's own way of speaking. But, I think a high degree of plasticity in one's speech is unquestionably mandatory.
Or to state it all more simply: Soon most of us will find ourselves living next to a South Asian neighbor who will play cricket, not baseball. I'm not saying either should abandon their game in favor of the other, though they might. Nor am I saying they should create a hybrid game, though they might. I am saying at bare minimum they should do their best to understand the other's game. And the NECESSARY first step is to realize that baseball is not the only legitimate game that can be played. It seems irrelevant, to me, where people live. This is a destiny they will not escape, so those of us who have already been found by such a destiny should lead the way toward a more egalitarian world.
Hey dude, I like the egalitarian nature of the way of Jesus, and the way you applied it. Jesus followers don't take a position of superiority in conversations with other faiths. I also agree that one of the great side-effects of inter-faith conversations is that we hear how we have come off in the past, and are able to make needed corrections.
But here's my question, as we live together, what happens in disagreement? Let's say your egalitarian nature of the gospel comes into conversation with a strict hierarchy based religion, one that oppresses the minority in the name of whatever deity they align themselves with. What does that conversation look like? Like what if it's not Cricket vs. baseball but baseball vs. hunting orphans.
Just wondering how you would answer. Thanks.
Well, as one who assumes that hunting orphans is wrong, the first step would be to try as much as I can to acknowledge the ways my own faith has, and continues, to do just that. I can't challenge the other, until I've managed better myself. Furthermore, I would try my best to understand how, historically, we got in the habit of orphan hunting (which we have sterilized so we can feel comfortable calling it "baseball").
I would pose that we started killing children for sport, when we decided that hierarchies, though completely contradictory to our message, were pragmatically useful. From there, I would do my best to live differently. Surely this would be inconsistent, but we all do what we can. And, most importantly, I would be as honest about it all as I can manage to be.
Then, when I finally own my own shit, I would feel comfortable telling others that I no longer believe orphan-killing is a proper game to play.
Currently, I can claim that I am past the starting line on this. Yet, the more I know, the more I am aware that I have a long way to go. As do we all . . .
Joe,
I was with you on your responses until you claimed that baseball wasn't the only legitimate game to play.
Admission: I'm in the "baseball is the best game camp"
I guess the challenge in this thinking is this: first, the useless observation that if we assume that understanding the other is of most import, than we've already created another hierarchy. Pithy, i know, but worth mentioning nonetheless. Second, how does everyone agree to play nicely, i.e. understand?
I didn't have it in mind to imply that I don't believe in a hierarchy of values. That is, in my view, completely impossible, and largely why I don't buy into arguments that pluralism justifies serial killers. Instead, I am specifically talking about hierarchies of people over other people. Would you argue they are two edges of the same sword?
As to your second question, I have found that those who don't play nicely are generally found on an upper tier of some social pyramid. To not understand provides them with privileges. Those who find themselves supporting that person's weight need neither legislation nor consensus to remind them of the value of egalitarian discourse.
But, in the case that I am wrong in all of this, allow for my own admission and follow-up question:
I am in the "football is the best game" camp. As then there is no way we will ever understand each other, then when should our nuclear apocalypse commence?
AS soon as I get a bigger bomb than you...obviously.
Dallas, you only get one chance to annihilate all living creatures based on 'irreconcilable' misunderstandings. Why concern yourself with the size of the bomb? When it comes to nuclear fallout it's the proverbial 'motion in the ocean' that makes all the difference.
you misunderestimate me. i figure i don't have to destroy everything...just you...and everyone who disagrees with me...one piece at at time. as long as i have a bigger weapon i get to determine the outcome (and by that i mean be the correct one in the argument), right? as an aside, i once saw a "wizard of id" comic strip where soldiers are in towers during a battle, and one is explaining, first it was the anti-spear spear, then the anti-shield shield, and now we have an anti-war war...seems somewhat fitting in the context, if not perfectly.
Yes, you're right.
Meanwhile please ignore my benign weekend activities of developing the power-grid with reactors coincidentally using weapons-grade uranium and launching rockets for "satellite communications" purposes.
ignored...if you'll ignore my gathering of swiftboats, lifeboats, and cargo ships with weapons, and a parrot and monkey (and my new eye patch)...you get to be n. korea (or iran) and i get to be a pirate...way cooler.
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